ÇáÝÚá ÇáãÊÚÏí æÇááÇÒã
ÇáÝÑÞ Èíä åÇáÝÚáíä ãåã ÈÇááÛå ÇáåäÏíå.ÇáÝÚá ÇáãÊÚÏí íÊØáÈ ãÝÚæá Èå ãËá : íÞÑì
(ßÊÇÈ),íÔÇåÏ(Ýíáã),íßÊÈ(ÑÓ Çáå) ,ÇãÇ ÇáÝÚá ÇááÇÒã ÝÚßÓå íÚäí ãÇ íÍÊÇÌ ãÝÚæá Èå ãËá :
íäÇã,íÖÍß,íÐåÈ,íßæä.
ÚäÏãÇ íõÕÑøÝ ÇáÝÚá ÇáÇÓÇÓí æíßæä ãÊÚÏí Ýí ÇáÕíÛ ÇáÊÇãå ááÝÚá Çæ ÇáãÇÖí ÇáÈÓíØ ,
ÝÍÑÝ ÇáÌÑ(ne) íÑÈØ ãÚ ÇáÝÇÚá Ýí ÇáÌãáå.
ãËÇá ÇáÝÚá ÇáãÊÚÏí(äÝÊÑÖ ÇáÌäÓ ãÐßÑ):íÞÑì -read - paRhnA
ãÇÖí ÈÓíØ:äÍä ÞÑÃäÇ ÇáßÊÈ -
we read the books - hamne kitAbeN paRhIN
ãÖÇÑÚ ÊÇã:äÍä ÞÏ ÞÑÃäÇ ÇáßÊÈ -we have read the books - hamne kitAbeN paRhIN haiN
ãÇÖí ÊÇã:äÍä ÞÏ ÞÑÃäÇ ÇáßÊÈ -we had read the books - hamne kitAbeN paRhIN thIN
äáÇÍÙ Ýí ÇáËáÇË Ìãá ÍÑÝ ÇáÌÑ(ne)ÇÑÊÈØ ÈÇáÝÇÚá äÍä(ham).
ãËÇá ÇáÝÚá ÇáÇÒã(ÇáÌäÓ ãÐßÑ):íÓßä - live - rehnA
ãÇÖí ÈÓíØ:äÍä ÓßäÇ - we lived - ham rahe
ãÖÇÑÚ ÊÇã:äÍä ÞÏ ÓßäÇ - we have lived - ham rahe haiN
ãÇÖí ÊÇã:äÍä ÞÏ ÓßäÇ -we had lived - ham rahe the
Ýíå ØÑíÞå Íáæå ÇÐÇ ÈÛíÊí ÊÚÑÝíä Çä ßÇä åÐÇ ÇáÝÚá ãÊÚÏí Çæ áÇÒã:
ÅÓÇáí ÈÇáÓÄÇá (ãÇÐÇ¿) ááÝÚá Çááí ÊÓÊÎÏãíä..Çä ÇÌÈÊí ÇáÓÄÇá ÝÇáÝÚá Úáì Øæá íßæä ãÊÚÏí..
ãËÇá ÇáÝÚá íÞÑì:ÇäÇ ÇÞÑì ßÊÇÈ.
ÑÇÍ ÇÓÇá äÝÓí ãÇÐÇ ÇÞÑì¿
ÇáÌæÇÈ ÇäÇ ÇÞÑì ßÊÇÈ(íÚäí ÝÚá ãÊÚÏí áå ãÝÚæá Èå).
ãËÇá ÇáÝÚá íäÇã:äãÊ ÍÊì ÇáÊÇÓÚå ãÓÇÁ.
ÑÇÍ ÇÓÇá äÝÓí ãÇÐÇ äãÊ¿
ÇáÌæÇÈ....(ÇäÇ äãÊ ÔíÁ¿!!íÚäí ÝÚá áÇÒã ãÇáå ãÝÚæá Èå).
ÝÚá Çáßíäæäå(ÛÇáÈÇ ãÇáå ãÞÇÈá Ýí ÇáÚÑÈíå..ÎÕæÕÇ ÇËäÇÁ ÇáÌãá)
Ýí ÇááÛå ÇáåäÏíå ÝÚá Çáßíäæäå ÛíÑ äÙÇãí Ûí ÇÛáÈ ÇáÇÒãÇä,Çäå áÇíÚßÓ ÌäÓ ÇáÝÇÚá Ýí
ÇáãÖÇÑÚ ÇáÈÓíØ ,áÇßäå íÚßÓ ÌäÓ ÇáÝÇÚá Ýí ÇáãÇÖí ÇáÈÓíØ æ ÕíÛÉ ÇáãÓÊÞÈá.
ãËÇá ÇáãÖÇÑÚ ÇáÈÓíØ (åæ íßæä - åí Êßæä) :íßæä Ýí ÇáåäÏíå(voh hai)áÇÍÙä Çäßä ãÇ
ÊÞÏÑä ÊãíÒä Çä ßÇä ÇáÝÇÚá ãÄäË Çæ ãÐßÑ..íÚäí äÝÓ ÇáäØÞ æÇáßÊÇÈå.
ÇãÇ Ýí ÇáãÇÖí ÇáÈÓíØ ÝÔæÝä..
(ÇäÇ ßäÊ) áæßÇä ÇáÝÇÚá ãÄäË ÝÑÇÍ ÊÞæá(maiN thI)áÇÍÙä ÇäÊåì ÝÚá Çáßíäæäå ÈÍÑÝ (í)
æÇä ßÇä ÇáÝÇÚá ãÐßÑ ÝÑÇÍ íÞæá(maiN thA)áÇÍÙä ÇäÊåì ÝÚá Çáßíäæäå ÈÍÑÝ (Â)
æ ÇíÖÇ ÝÈ ÇáãÓÊÞÈá ÊÞÏÑä ÊãíÒä Èíä ÇáãÄäË æ ÇáãÐßÑ.
(ÇäÇ ÓÇßæä) áæ ÈäÊ ÈÊÞæá(maiN hoUNgI)
æ áæ æáÏ ÈíÞæá(maiN hoUNgA)
ÝÚá Çáßíäæäå Ýí ÇáãÖÇÑÚ
(ãËá ãÇ ÞáäÇ ãÄäË æ ãÐßÑ äÝÓ ÇáÔíÁ)
(ÇäÇ)Çßæä - i am - maiN hUN
(ÇäÊ)Êßæä(ÇäÊö)Êßæäíä - you are - tU hai
(åæ)íßæä(åí)Êßæä(ÞÑíÈ ááÚÇÞá æáÛíÑ ÇáÚÇÞá) - he is\she is - yeh hai
(åæ)íßæä(åí)Êßæä(ÈÚíÏ ááÚÇÞá æáÛíÑ ÇáÚÇÞá) - he is\she is - voh hai
(äÍä)äßæä - we are - ham haiN
(ÇäÊã)Êßæäæä(ÇäÊä)Êßæää(ÈÔßá ÚÇãí) - you are - tum ho
(ÇäÊã)Êßæäæä(ÇäÊä)Êßæää(ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - you are - Ap haiN
(åã)íßæäæä(åä)íßä(ÞÑíÈ ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - they are - ye haiN
(åã)íßæäæä(åä)íßä(ÈÚíÏ ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - they are - vo haiN
ÝÚá Çáßíäæäå Ýí ÇáãÇÖí ÇáÈÓíØ(ãÄäË)
(ÇäÇ)ßäÊ - i was - maiN thI
(ÇäÊ)ßäÊ - you were - tU thI
(åí)ßÇäÊ(ÞÑíÈ ááÚÇÞá æáÛíÑ ÇáÚÇÞá) - she was - yeh thI
(åí)ßÇäÊ(ÈÚíÏ ááÚÇÞá æáÛíÑ ÇáÚÇÞá) - she was - voh thI
(äÍä)ßäÇ - we were - ham thIN
(ÇäÊä)ßäÊä(ÈÔßá ÚÇãí) - you were - tum thIN
(ÇäÊä)ßäÊä(ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - you were - Ap thIN
(åä)ßÇää(ÞÑíÈ ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - they were - ye thIN
(åä)ßÇää(ÈÚíÏ ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - they were - vo thIN
ÝÚá Çáßíäæäå Ýí ÇáãÇÖí ÇáÈÓíØ(ãÐßÑ)
(ÇäÇ)ßäÊ - i was - maiN thA
(ÇäÊ)ßäÊ - you were - tU thA
(åæ)ßÇä(ÞÑíÈ ááÚÇÞá æáÛíÑ ÇáÚÇÞá) - he was - yeh thA
(åæ)ßÇä(ÈÚíÏ ááÚÇÞá æáÛíÑ ÇáÚÇÞá) - he was - voh thA
(äÍä)ßäÇ - we were - ham the
(ÇäÊã)ßäÊã(ÈÔßá ÚÇãí) - you were - tum the
(ÇäÊã)ßäÊã(ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - you were - Ap the
(åã)ßÇäæÇ(ÞÑíÈ ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - they were - ye the
(åã)ßÇäæÇ(ÈÚíÏ ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - they were - vo the
ÝÚá Çáßíäæäå Ýí ÕíÛÉ ÇáãÓÊÞÈá(ãÄäË)
(ÇäÇ)ÓÇßæä - i will be - maiN hoUNgI
(ÇäÊ)ÓÊßæäíä - you will be - tU hogI
(åí)ÓÊßæä(ÞÑíÈ ááÚÇÞá æáÛíÑ ÇáÚÇÞá) - she will be - yeh hogI
(åí)ÓÊßæä(ÈÚíÏ ááÚÇÞá æáÛíÑ ÇáÚÇÞá) - she will be - voh hogI
(äÍä)Óäßæä - we will be - ham hoNgI
(ÇäÊä)ÓÊßæää(ÈÔßá ÚÇãí) - you will be - tum hogI
(ÇäÊä)ÓÊßæää(ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - you will be - Ap hoNgI
(åä)Óíßæää(ÞÑíÈ ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - they will be - ye hoNgI
(åä)Óíßæää(ÈÚíÏ ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - they will be - vo hoNgI
ÝÚá Çáßíäæäå Ýí ÕíÛÉ ÇáãÓÊÞÈá(ãÐßÑ)
(ÇäÇ)ÓÇßæä - i will be - maiN hoUNgA
(ÇäÊ)ÓÊßæä - you will be - tU hogA
(åæ)Óíßæä(ÞÑíÈ ááÚÇÞá æáÛíÑ ÇáÚÇÞá) - he will be - yeh hogA
(åæ)Óíßæä(ÈÚíÏ ááÚÇÞá æáÛíÑ ÇáÚÇÞá) - he will be - voh hogA
(äÍä)Óäßæä - we will be - ham hoNgA
(ÇäÊã)ÓÊßæäæä(ÈÔßá ÚÇãí) - you will be - tum hoge
(ÇäÊã)ÓÊßæäæä(ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - you will be - Ap hoNge
(åã)Óíßæäæä(ÞÑíÈ ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - they will be - ye hoNge
(åã)Óíßæäæä(ÈÚíÏ ÈÔßá ÑÓãí) - they will be - vo hoNge
ÇáÝÚá(CAhiye)
íÚäí íÑíÏ\íÍÊÇÌ(ÔíÁ ãÇ),Óåá ÇáÇÓÊÚãÇá áÇäå ãÇ íÊÛíÑ..
...
(åæ äÝÓå ãÚ ãÐßÑ,ãÚ ãÄäË,ãÚ ÌãÚ)
ÇáÝÇÚá ÇáÐí íÑíÏ(ÔíÁ ãÇ)íÌÈ Çä íÊÈÚ ÈÍÑÝ ÇáÌÑ(ko).
ãËÇá:ÇÑíÏ ÊÝÇÍå(ãÄäË\ãÐßÑ) - i want an apple\mujhko seb CAhiye
ãËÇá:åí ÊÑíÏ\åæ íÑíÏ ãÇá(ÈÚíÏ) - she wants money\he wants
money\usko paise CAhiye
ãËÇá:áÇ äÑíÏ ÔÇåí(ãÄäË\ãÐßÑ) - we don't want tea\humko Cay nahIN
CAhiye
((ãáÇÍÙå ãåãããããããããããå))
(åÐÇ ÇáÝÚá íÓÊÚãá ÇÐÇ ÈÛíäÇ ÍÇÌå ÝÜ ÞÜ Ø , ÇäÊÈåæÇ (ÇÐÇ ÈÛíííäÇ ÍÇÌå)áÇääÇ ÈÚÏ ãÏå ÇäÔÇÁ Çááå
ÑÇÍ äÇÎÐ ÝÚá ÇíÖÇ ãÚäÇå íÑíÏ ÈÓ(íÑíÏ ÝÚá ÍÇÌå),ÚßÓ íÑíÏ ÍÇÌå).
ÇáÝÚá(milnA)
íÚäí íÞÇÈá\íÌÏ,æ íãßä íÓÊÎÏ áÊÍæíá ãÚÇäí ãÎÊáÝå ÈÇßãáåÇ ÈÓíÇÞ ãÊÚÏÏå,íãßä íÓÊÚãá ÇÐÇ
ßäÇ äÊßáã Úä áÞÇÁ ãÑÊÈ ãÚ ÇÍÏ,æÚä áÞÇÁ ÕÏÝå.
ÇÐÇ ßÇä ÇááÞÇÁ ãÎØØ áå,ÇáÔÎÕ ÇááÐí ÊÞÇÈáå íÊÈÚ ÈÍÑÝ ÇáÌÑ(se).
ãËÇá áÞÇÁ ãÞÕæÏ: (ÝÇÚá ãÐßÑ)ÓÇÞÇÈáß ÇáÇÓÈæÚ ÇáÞÇÏã\i'll meet you next
week\maiN agle hafte Ap se milUNga
ãËÇá:ÇÑÌæß ÞÇÈá ÇÎí - plz meet my broyher\mere bhAI se miliye
ÇÐÇ ßÇä ÇáÝÚá ãÓÊÚãá ááÞÇÁ ÕÏÝå íÖÇÝ ÇáÝÇÚá ÍÑÝ ÇáÌÑ(ko).
ãËÇá:ÈÇáÇãÓ ÕÇÏÝÊ ÇÑÌæä
...
- yesterday i ran into arjUn - kal mujhko arjUn milA thA
æÚäÏãÇ íÓÊÎÏã ÇáÝÚá áÅÙåÇÑ ÝßÑÉ ÇíÌÇÏ ÔíÁ ÝÇáÝÇÚá äÇÏÑÇ ãÇíÐßÑ,æáæ ÐßÑ íÊÈÚ ÈÍÑÝ ÇáÌÑ(ko).
ãËÇá:Çíä íãßääí ÇíÌÇÏ ÌÑÇÆÏ?(ÈÇáÇÕÍ ÔÑÇÁ ÌÑÇÆÏ)\where can i buy
newspaper\akhbAr kahAN milegA
æáæ ÐßÑäÇ ÇáÝÇÚá:mujhko akhbAr kahAN milegA
ÇáãÝÖáÇÊ